:root {
    --primary-color: #1e3a8a;
    --primary-light: #3b82f6;
    --secondary-color: #16a34a;
    --secondary-light: #22c55e;
    --light-color: #f8fafc;
    --dark-color: #0f172a;
    --text-color: #334155;
    --text-light: #64748b;
    --border-color: #e2e8f0;
    --accent-color: #f59e0b;
    --success-color: #10b981;
    --warning-color: #f59e0b;
    --error-color: #ef4444;
    --white: #ffffff;
    --gray-50: #f9fafb;
    --gray-100: #f3f4f6;
    --gray-200: #e5e7eb;
    --gray-800: #1f2937;
    --hover-transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 0.05);
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px -1px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1), 0 2px 4px -2px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1);
    --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px -3px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1), 0 4px 6px -4px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1);
    --shadow-xl: 0 20px 25px -5px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1), 0 8px 10px -6px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1);
    --border-radius-sm: 0.375rem;
    --border-radius-md: 0.5rem;
    --border-radius-lg: 0.75rem;
    --border-radius-xl: 1rem;
}

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    scroll-padding-top: 100px;
}

body {
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    color: var(--text-color);
    line-height: 1.7;
    background-color: var(--white);
    font-size: 16px;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

/* Typography */
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.2;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

h1 {
    font-size: 3rem;
}

h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
}

h3 {
    font-size: 2rem;
}

h4 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

h5 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
}

h6 {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
}

p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-light);
}

.container {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1280px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

/* Skip link for accessibility */
.skip-link {
    position: absolute;
    top: -100px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    z-index: 9999;
    transition: top 0.3s ease;
}

.skip-link:focus {
    top: 1rem;
}

/* Screen reader only text */
.sr-only {
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    padding: 0;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
    white-space: nowrap;
    border: 0;
}

/* Header */
.site-header {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    /* Fallback for older browsers */
    background: white\9;
    backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    position: fixed;
    width: 100%;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.5);
}

.site-header.scrolled {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.header-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 1rem 0;
}

.logo {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    will-change: transform;
}

.logo:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    will-change: auto;
}

.logo img {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.logo:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.logo-text {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--dark-color);
}

.mobile-nav-toggle {
    display: none;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    padding: 0.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.mobile-nav-toggle:hover {
    background: var(--gray-100);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.nav-list {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 2rem;
    margin: 0;
}

.nav-link {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    position: relative;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    will-change: transform;
}

.nav-link:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    background: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.05);
    will-change: auto;
}

.nav-link.active {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    background: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.1);
}

.nav-link::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -0.5rem;
    left: 50%;
    width: 0;
    height: 2px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
}

.nav-link:hover::after,
.nav-link.active::after {
    width: 80%;
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    min-height: 100vh;
    color: white;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg,
            rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 0%,
            rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 50%,
            rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 100%);
    z-index: 1;
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 3;
    text-align: center;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2rem;
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    text-shadow:
        0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8),
        0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6),
        0 8px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    color: #ffffff;
    animation: fadeInUp 1s ease-out;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.hero-tagline {
    font-size: clamp(1.125rem, 2.5vw, 1.5rem);
    margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
    opacity: 0.95;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.6;
    text-shadow:
        0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8),
        0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5),
        0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    animation: fadeInUp 1s ease-out 0.2s both;
    color: #f1f5f9;
}

.hero-cta {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    animation: fadeInUp 1s ease-out 0.4s both;
}

@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(30px);
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

@keyframes slideDown {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(-10px);
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

/* Buttons - Consolidated and improved */
.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 1rem 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    cursor: pointer;
    border: none;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-transform: none;
    letter-spacing: 0.025em;
    min-width: 150px;
    will-change: transform;
}

.btn::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: -100%;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), transparent);
    transition: left 0.5s ease;
    z-index: 1;
}

.btn:hover {
    will-change: auto;
}

.btn:hover::before {
    left: 100%;
}

.btn-primary {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    color: white;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    color: white;
}

.btn-secondary {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    color: white;
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    color: white;
}

.btn-outline {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.btn-outline:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

/* Sections */
section {
    padding: 6rem 0;
    position: relative;
}



.section-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    position: relative;
}

.section-header h2 {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--dark-color), var(--primary-color));
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
    /* Fallback for browsers that don't support background-clip */
    color: var(--dark-color);
}

.section-subheading {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    font-weight: 400;
}

/* What We Do Section */
.what-we-do {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gray-50) 0%, white 100%);
}

.what-we-do-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.lead-text {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.what-we-do-cta {
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.what-we-do-visual img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.what-we-do-visual img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* Research Areas */
.research-areas-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.research-area-card {
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    background: white;
}

.research-area-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}

.research-area-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 250px;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.research-area-card:hover .research-area-image img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.research-area-content {
    padding: 2rem;
}

.research-area-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--dark-color);
}

.research-area-content p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* News Section */
.news-highlights {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gray-50) 0%, rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.02) 100%);
}

.news-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.news-item {
    background: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--secondary-color);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.news-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.news-date {
    display: inline-block;
    background: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.1);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.news-item h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--dark-color);
}

.news-item p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.read-more {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.read-more:hover {
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.read-more::after {
    content: '→';
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.news-view-all {
    text-align: center;
}

/* Footer */
.site-footer {
    background: var(--dark-color);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 3rem 0 1rem;
    margin-top: 4rem;
}

.footer-container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.footer-about h2 {
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.footer-about p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.footer-logo img {
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.footer-logo img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.footer-links h3,
.footer-contact h3 {
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    display: inline-block;
}

.footer-links ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-links ul li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.footer-links ul li a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.footer-links ul li a:hover {
    color: var(--secondary-light);
    padding-left: 0.5rem;
}

.footer-contact address {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    font-style: normal;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.footer-contact a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.footer-contact a:hover {
    color: var(--secondary-light);
}

.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    padding-top: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.copyright p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Back to top button */
.back-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 2rem;
    right: 2rem;
    width: 3rem;
    height: 3rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--primary-light));
    color: white;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    z-index: 999;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    will-change: transform;
}

.back-to-top.show {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.back-to-top:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--secondary-color), var(--secondary-light));
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
    will-change: auto;
}

/* Fade in animation utility */
.fade-in-up {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(30px);
    transition: opacity 0.6s ease, transform 0.6s ease;
}

.fade-in-up.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Form styles */
.form-group {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.form-label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--dark-color);
}

.form-control {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    background: white;
}

.form-control:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.1);
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .container {
        padding: 0 1.5rem;
    }

    .what-we-do-content,
    .footer-container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 3rem;
    }

    .research-areas-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .mobile-nav-toggle {
        display: block;
    }

    .nav-list {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98);
        backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
        -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0;
        padding: 1rem;
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
        border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    }

    .nav-list.active {
        display: flex;
        animation: slideDown 0.3s ease-out;
    }

    .nav-item {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .nav-link {
        display: block;
        width: 100%;
        padding: 1rem;
        text-align: center;
        border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    }

    .hero {
        min-height: 80vh;
        padding: 2rem 0;
    }

    .hero-cta {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .btn {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 300px;
    }

    section {
        padding: 4rem 0;
    }

    .research-areas-grid,
    .news-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .back-to-top {
        bottom: 1.5rem;
        right: 1.5rem;
        width: 2.5rem;
        height: 2.5rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .container {
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }

    .hero-content {
        padding: 1rem;
    }

    .section-header {
        margin-bottom: 3rem;
    }

    .research-area-content,
    .news-item {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .footer-container {
        gap: 2rem;
    }
}

/* High contrast mode support */
@media (prefers-contrast: high) {
    :root {
        --primary-color: #000080;
        --secondary-color: #008000;
        --text-color: #000000;
        --border-color: #000000;
    }

    .section-header h2 {
        color: var(--dark-color) !important;
        -webkit-text-fill-color: var(--dark-color) !important;
    }
}

/* Reduced motion support */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    * {
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    }

    html {
        scroll-behavior: auto;
    }

    .btn::before,
    .nav-link::after {
        display: none;
    }
}

/* Page-specific styles */
/* Research Page Specific Styles */


/* Research Areas - Cleaned CSS */

.section-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.section-header h2 {
    font-size: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
}

.section-header p {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-areas {
    padding: 6rem 0;
    background: white;
}

.research-detailed-grid {
    display: grid;
    gap: 4rem;
    margin-top: 4rem;
}

.research-detailed-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.research-detailed-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}

.research-card-header {
    padding: 2rem 2rem 1rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gray-50), white);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.research-card-header h3 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--dark-color);
}

.research-image-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
    background: var(--gray-50);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .research-image-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 0.5rem;
        padding: 1rem;
    }
}

.research-image-grid img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.research-image-grid img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.research-content {
    padding: 2rem;
}

.research-description {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.research-details {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.research-details h4 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.research-details ul {
    list-style: none;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.research-details li {
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
    position: relative;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.research-details li::before {
    content: '→';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-weight: bold;
}

.research-details strong {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.research-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.tag {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    color: white;
    padding: 0.375rem 0.875rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    white-space: nowrap;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.tag:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

/* Current Projects Section */
.current-projects {
    padding: 6rem 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--gray-50), white);
}

.projects-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .projects-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
}

.project-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}

.project-card.featured {
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.project-card.featured::before {
    content: 'Featured';
    position: absolute;
    top: 1rem;
    right: 1rem;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.project-header {
    padding: 1.5rem 2rem 1rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.project-header h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    flex: 1;
}

.project-status {
    background: var(--success-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.project-image {
    height: 200px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background: var(--gray-100);
}

.project-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.project-card:hover .project-image img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.project-card p {
    padding: 0 2rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.project-details {
    padding: 1rem 2rem 2rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.project-duration,
.project-funding {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.project-duration i,
.project-funding i {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Publications Highlight */
.publications-highlight {
    padding: 6rem 0;
    background: white;
}

.publications-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(400px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .publications-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
}

.publication-card {
    background: white;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
    padding: 2rem;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.publication-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.publication-type {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.pub-badge {
    padding: 0.375rem 0.875rem;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.pub-badge.journal {
    background: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.1);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.pub-badge.conference {
    background: rgba(22, 163, 74, 0.1);
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}

.publication-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--dark-color);
}

.publication-authors {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-style: italic;
}

.publication-venue {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.view-all-link {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

/* Collaborations */
.collaborations {
    padding: 6rem 0;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--gray-50), white);
}

.collaboration-categories {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .collaboration-categories {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }
}

.collab-category {
    background: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.collab-category:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}

.collab-category h3 {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.collab-category i {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}

.partner-list {
    list-style: none;
}

.partner-list li {
    padding: 0.75rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    color: var(--text-color);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.partner-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.partner-list li:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    padding-left: 0.5rem;
}



@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .section-header {
        padding: 0 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
    }

    .section-header h2 {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }

    .research-areas,
    .current-projects,
    .publications-highlight,
    .collaborations {
        padding: 3rem 0;
    }

    .research-content {
        padding: 1.5rem 1rem;
    }

    .project-header {
        padding: 1.5rem 1rem 1rem;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }

    .research-tags {
        gap: 0.25rem;
    }

    .tag {
        font-size: 0.75rem;
        padding: 0.25rem 0.625rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .section-header h2 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .research-detailed-card,
    .project-card {
        margin: 0 -0.5rem;
        border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
    }
}

/* About Section - Cleaned CSS */

/* ==========================================================================
   HERO SECTION
   ========================================================================== */

/* Hero Section */
.hero-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg,
            rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.9) 0%,
            rgba(22, 163, 74, 0.8) 100%),
        url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1451187580459-43490279c0fa?ixlib=rb-4.0.3&auto=format&fit=crop&w=1920&q=80');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    padding: 8rem 0 6rem;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    flex-direction: column;

}

.hero-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 20%, rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.3) 0%, transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 70% 80%, rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.3) 0%, transparent 50%);

}

.hero-section .container {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.hero-section h1 {
    color: white;
    font-size: 4rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    text-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #e0f2fe 100%);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;

}

.hero-section p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);

}

/* ==========================================================================
   ABOUT SECTION
   ========================================================================== */

.about-section {
    padding: 6rem 0;
    background: linear-gradient(180deg,
            rgba(248, 250, 252, 0.5) 0%,
            rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) 100%);
}

.about-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.about-text h3 {
    color: #1e3a8a;
    margin: 2.5rem 0 1rem;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.about-text .lead {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: #4b5563;
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.03);
    border-left: 4px solid #1e3a8a;
    border-radius: 0 0.75rem 0.75rem 0;
}

.about-text p {
    color: #6b7280;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.about-image {
    border-radius: 1rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 25px 50px -12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

.about-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   RESPONSIVE DESIGN
   ========================================================================== */

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero-section {
        padding: 6rem 0 4rem;
    }

    .about-section {
        padding: 4rem 0;
    }

    .about-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .about-text .lead {
        padding: 1rem;
        font-size: 1.125rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .hero-section {
        padding: 4rem 0 3rem;
    }

    .about-section {
        padding: 3rem 0;
    }
}


/* Publications Page Specific Styles */


/* Publications Page Layout */
.publications-page {
    padding: 4rem 0;
    background: var(--gray-50);
}

/* Search Container */
.search-container {
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto 3rem;
    position: relative;
}

.search-input {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 1rem 4rem 1rem 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    border: 2px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 12px;
    background: white;
}

.search-input:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: #1e3a8a;
}

.search-button {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0.75rem;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    background: #1e3a8a;
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    cursor: pointer;
}

/* Publications Filter */
.publications-filter {
    background: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.publications-filter h3 {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.filter-options {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    align-items: end;
}

.filter-group {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.filter-group label {
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.filter-group select {
    padding: 0.75rem;
    border: 2px solid #e5e7eb;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: white;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.filter-group select:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: #1e3a8a;
}

/* View Options */
.view-options {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    justify-content: flex-end;
}

.view-options span {
    font-weight: 600;
}

.view-toggle {
    background: white;
    border: 2px solid #e5e7eb;
    padding: 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: #6b7280;
}

.view-toggle.active {
    background: #1e3a8a;
    color: white;
    border-color: #1e3a8a;
}

/* Publication List */
.publication-list {
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

/* Grid View */
.publication-list.grid-view {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(400px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

/* Publication Item */
.publication-item {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    padding: 2rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.publication-item::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.publication-item:hover::before {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}

.publication-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}

.publication-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
}

.publication-title {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    line-height: 1.4;
}

.publication-title:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.publication-meta {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.publication-meta span {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.publication-meta i {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    width: 16px;
}

.authors {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-color) !important;
}

.publication-actions {
    margin-top: auto;
}

.publication-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.publication-links .btn {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    min-width: auto;
}

/* No Results */
.no-results {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 4rem 2rem;
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.no-results i {
    font-size: 4rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.no-results p {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.hidden {
    display: none !important;
}


/* Back to Top Button */
.back-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 2rem;
    right: 2rem;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 50%;
    cursor: pointer;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    z-index: 999;
    display: none;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
}

.back-to-top:hover {
    background: var(--primary-light);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
}



@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .container {
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }

    .publication-item {
        padding: 1rem;
    }

    .publications-filter {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .pagination {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        gap: 0.25rem;
    }

    .pagination a {
        padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
}



/* Focus styles for accessibility */
*:focus {
    outline: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

button:focus,
.btn:focus {
    outline: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Print styles */
@media print {

    .site-header,
    .mobile-nav-toggle,
    .search-container,
    .publications-filter,
    .view-options,
    .load-more-container,
    .pagination,
    .back-to-top,
    .site-footer {
        display: none !important;
    }

    .publication-item {
        break-inside: avoid;
        box-shadow: none;
        border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }

    .publication-list.grid-view {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}


/* Team Navigation  */
.team-nav {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 2rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    position: sticky;
    top: 70px;
    z-index: 100;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.nav-buttons {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.nav-btn {
    background: var(--gray-100);
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.nav-btn:hover {
    background: var(--primary-light);
    color: var(--white);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.nav-btn.active {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

/* Mobile responsive fix */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .team-nav {
        top: 40px;
        /* Keep it below the page nav - don't change to 0 */
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
        z-index: 99;
        /* Lower than page nav to prevent overlap */
    }

    .nav-buttons {
        gap: 0.5rem;
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }

    .nav-btn {
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
}

/* Team Section */
.team-section {
    padding: 4rem 0;
    background: var(--gray-50);
}

.team-category {
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.category-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.category-header h3 {
    color: var(--dark-color);
    font-size: 2.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    position: relative;
    display: inline-block;
}

.category-header h3::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -0.5rem;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 60px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.category-header p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.team-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

/* Member Cards */
.member-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    padding: 2rem;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.member-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.member-card:hover::before {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}

.member-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
    border-color: var(--primary-light);
}

.member-photo {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 4px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.member-card:hover .member-photo {
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.member-photo img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.member-card:hover .member-photo img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.member-name {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.member-position {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.member-education {
    background: var(--gray-50);
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--secondary-color);
    text-align: left;
}

.member-education i {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
}

.research-interests {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.research-interests h4 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--dark-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.interests-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    justify-content: center;
}

.interest-tag {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--primary-light));
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.interest-tag:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

/* Social Links */
.social-links {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.social-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.social-link::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border-radius: 50%;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.social-link:hover::before {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

.social-link.email {
    background: var(--error-color);
}

.social-link.linkedin {
    background: #0077b5;
}

.social-link.twitter {
    background: #1da1f2;
}

.social-link.github {
    background: var(--gray-800);
}

.social-link.website {
    background: var(--secondary-color);
}

.social-link.orcid {
    background: #a6ce39;
}

.social-link:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.social-link i {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}



@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .container {
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }

    .hero-section h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .hero-section p {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .category-header h3 {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .member-card {
        padding: 1rem;
    }

    .member-photo {
        width: 120px;
        height: 120px;
    }

    .nav-buttons {
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }

    .nav-btn {
        padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
}


.member-card {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.6s ease-out;
}

/* Focus styles for accessibility */
.nav-btn:focus,
.social-link:focus {
    outline: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* High contrast mode support */
@media (prefers-contrast: high) {
    .member-card {
        border: 2px solid var(--dark-color);
    }

    .interest-tag {
        border: 1px solid var(--white);
    }
}

/* Reduced motion support */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    * {
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    }

    .member-card:hover {
        transform: none;
    }
}

/* Contact */
/* Enhanced Contact Page Styles */
/* Contact Section */
.contact {
    padding: 80px 0;
    background: white;
}

.contact-container {
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.contact-info {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.contact-item {
    background: var(--gray-50);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-xl);
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.contact-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    background: white;
}

.contact-icon {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--primary-light));
    color: white;
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.contact-item:hover .contact-icon {
    transform: scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.contact-text h4 {
    color: var(--dark-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.contact-text p,
.contact-text address {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-style: normal;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.contact-text a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: var(--hover-transition);
}

.contact-text a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-light);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .contact-info {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .contact-hero {
        padding: 100px 0 60px;
    }

    .contact {
        padding: 60px 0;
    }
}